Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is a condition that affects newborns who are exposed to addictive substances while in the womb, most commonly opioids. These substances can cross the placenta, causing the baby to develop a dependency. After birth, when the drug supply is abruptly stopped, the baby may go through withdrawal. Understanding NAS is essential for parents as it helps guide the necessary steps for proper care. The number of NAS cases has been increasing, primarily due to the ongoing opioid crisis and the rise in prescription drug use during pregnancy. Caring for a baby with NAS involves a thorough and compassionate approach, both in the hospital and at home, to ensure the baby's health. So, every woman must always need pregnancy care.
What is Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome?
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a bunch of problems that can happen when a baby is sensitive to opioid drugs or medicine for some time while in their mother's womb (uterus). It is also known as Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS). Most babies reveal signs of withdrawal 2 to 3 days after birth, but some may not show signs until day 4 or 5. Your baby should stay in the hospital until most of the symptoms of NAS are recovered.
Causes of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
NAS causes can occur while a pregnant woman takes drugs such as heroin or medicines such as codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin), methadone, or buprenorphine. These substances carry through the placenta and link the baby to its mother in the womb. The infant gets dependent on the drug along with the mother.
If the mother continues to consume the drugs within the week or before delivery, the baby will depend on the drug at birth. Because the child will not continue the drug after birth, withdrawal symptoms may occur in babies exposed to alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and certain antidepressants when in the mother’s womb.
Symptoms of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
It usually starts within 1 to 3 days after birth, sometimes shown after a week. So, babies often need to stay in the hospital for observation and monitoring during this period. The symptoms of NAS depend on the following:
The type and volume of drug used by the mother, How long she used it, what were the genetic factors, and whether the baby was full-term or premature.
NAS may show different symptoms, which can vary in different emotions:
- Tremors and anxiety
- High-pitched crying and irritability
- Sleep disturbances and fever
- Poor feeding, sleeping, and weight gain.
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Rapid breathing
- Seizures in severe cases of nose sneezing.
What Happens if My Baby Does Need Medicine to Treat NAS?
An average of infants with NAS were reported per month.
If your baby needs medicine to treat Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, doctors will exactly choose the proper medication to ease withdrawal symptoms. They will start with a small dose and adjust it as needed. The goal is to help your baby gradually and safely recover while minimizing discomfort.
Caring for Your Baby at Home
Creating a Calm Environment:
A calm and quiet atmosphere is important for a baby with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). The transition from the womb to the outside world can be overwhelming, especially for infants experiencing withdrawal symptoms. So, the baby needs a peaceful atmosphere, reduced noise, and bright lights, which help to reduce irritability and discomfort. This helps minimize overstimulation, which can exacerbate symptoms.
Feeding and Nutrition Tips:
Baby with NAS, which can be challenging to feed a baby because the infant may face difficulties with sucking, swallowing, and breathing. To prevent discomfort and vomiting, offer a small amount and frequent feeding. Consult a doctor if breastfeeding is provided, especially if on medication. For formula feeding, high-calorie options may be given to support growth. Tracking feeding times and amounts helps with sufficient nutrition.
Managing Sleep and Comfort
Due to common sleep disturbances, managing sleep for a baby with NAS can be challenging. To help, establish a calming bedtime routine and create a peaceful environment with dim lighting, quiet, and a comfortable temperature. Techniques like gentle rocking, swaddling, and using a pacifier can aid sleep. Monitor your baby’s sleep patterns and consult your pediatrician if issues persist.
Emotional and Practical Support for Parents
Parents of babies with NAS often face emotional, mental wellness, and practical challenges. It’s important to seek support to manage feelings of guilt or stigma. Building a strong support network of family, friends, and doctors can offer practical advice and emotional comfort. Don’t hesitate to reach out for professional help if you’re struggling. Resources like counseling, support groups, and community services can provide valuable assistance and help you navigate this demanding period.
Conclusion
Caring for a baby with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome gives vast challenges. Still, with the proper help and assessment, parents can provide a nurturing environment that aids their toddler's restoration and boom. Understanding NAS, accessing appropriate hospital treatment, and constructing a strong assist community is vital for empowering mothers and fathers and boosting their self-assurance. While the journey can be hard, many families have effectively won and overcome NAS-related problems are made it. With time, love, and appropriate interventions, toddlers with NAS can triumph over early barriers and gain their full ability. Parents can take satisfaction from their determination and understanding of their efforts to contribute to their kids' brighter, healthier future.
FAQ’s
What Happens When A Baby Is Born With Withdrawals?
When a baby with NAS is born, it may have symptoms such as tremors, irritability, anorexia(poor feeding), and sleep disturbances. Severe cases can also lead to diarrhea or respiratory problems. Which commonly starts within 1 to 3 days after birth.
How Long Does Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Last?
The duration of NAS varies, and those exposed to long-acting substances may experience symptoms ranging from days to weeks, sometimes months. Treatment and hospitalization depend on the infant's response to care and the severity of withdrawal symptoms.
How To Comfort A Baby With NAS?
A baby with NAS can be comforted with gentle care, such as swaddling, skin-to-skin contact, and a quiet, dimly lit environment. Frequent and routine small feed helps calm the baby, reduce irritability, and promote better sleep.
What Is NAS Scoring?
The NAS score is a clinical measure of withdrawal severity in newborns with NAS. The most common Finnegan system provides scores for symptoms such as irritability and feeding issues, guides treatment planning, and monitors long-term progress.
How Long Does It Take For A Baby To Detox?
The detoxification process for an infant with NAS varies, depending on dosage and health, from a few days to several weeks. Medications may be needed to manage withdrawal, and doctors closely monitor treatment and make treatment adjustments for safety and comfort.
